Conférence de Jay McClelland (Stanford University) dans le cadre du Colloquium du département d'Etudes Cognitives de l'ENS-PSL.
In 1986, Dave Rumelhart, Geoff Hinton, and I began the first chapter of Parallel Distributed Processing, a two-volume work proposing neural network based models of human cognition, with the question ?Why are people smarter than machines?? At the time, people were far better than existing machine systems in many ways. Since then, machines have come a long way, and many of their successes rely on the kinds of mechanisms we promoted in the PDP volumes a third of a century ago. Neural-network based artificial systems now dominate humans at games like Chess and Go, and they have achieved breakthroughs in vision, language, any many other domains. Yet, it seems clear that these systems have not yet captured important aspects of human intelligence. I will compare human and artificial neural networks and point out some of the ways in which human still exceed our current machine approaches, focusing on a current project that illustrates some of the key differences between human an d contem porary machine intelligence. Do these shortcomings and differences mean we need a radically different approach? In the last part of the talk, I will share my thoughts on this question, and give suggestions for next steps toward addressing the limitations of our current machine systems.
Références:
Nam, A. J. & McClelland, J. L. (2021). What underlies rapid learning and systematic generalization in humans. Draft dated June 23, 2021. [PDF]
McClelland, J. L. (in press). Could the AI of our dreams ever become reality? In Vernallis, C., Rogers, H., Leal, J., and Kara, S. (Eds.), Cybermedia: Science, Sound and Vision. New York, NY: Bloomsbury Academic. [PDF]
McClelland, J. L., Hill, F., Rudolph, M., Baldridge, J., & Schuetze, H. (2020). Placing language in and integrated understanding system: Next steps toward human-level performance in neural language models. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 117(42), 25966-25974. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1910416117. [ PDF]
Catégories: Colloquium du DEC
Mot-clés : évolution, comparaison, humain, différence, réseau neuronal, intelligence, intelligence artificielle, jeu, machine
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Standford University
Neuroscientifique
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Cursus :
Jay McClelland est professeur au département de psychologie et directeur du Center for Mind, Brain, Computation and Technology à Stanford. Ses recherches portent sur un large éventail de sujets en sciences cognitives et en neurosciences cognitives, notamment la perception et la prise de décision perceptive, l'apprentissage et la mémoire, le langage et la lecture, la cognition sémantique et mathématique et le développement cognitif.
La recherche dans son laboratoire s'articule autour des efforts visant à développer des modèles informatiques explicites basés sur ces idées, à tester, affiner et étendre les principes incarnés dans les modèles, puis à appliquer les modèles à des questions de recherche importantes par le biais d'expériences comportementales, de simulations informatiques et d'analyses mathématiques.
Dernière mise à jour : 03/12/2021
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